“Quantum physics was developed to describe the very smallest building blocks of the universe. When researchers began studying atoms, electrons and light, they discovered that the conventional laws of physics were no longer sufficient. A completely new type of physics had to be developed,” says Martin Leijnse, Professor of Solid State Physics and one of the University’s quantum researchers.
Unlike classical physics, where the world is described as predictable and deterministic, quantum physics is based on probabilities.
“Before quantum physics, it was generally believed that everything was essentially determined and followed clear laws. In the quantum world, however, much is governed by probability and chance. Einstein found this deeply provocative, which is why he famously remarked that ‘God does not play dice’,” says Peter Samuelsson, Professor of Mathematical Physics and one of the University’s quantum researchers.
For many years, quantum physics was primarily a field of fundamental research. Today, however, the focus is increasingly on practical applications. This is where quantum technology comes in.
From quantum physics to quantum technology
“Quantum physics is the overarching theory that describes the smallest building blocks of the universe. Quantum technology is about the fact that we have now become so skilled at controlling small systems, such as atoms and electrons, that we can actually build technologies based on them,” says Peter Samuelsson.
This could include future quantum computers, ultra-sensitive sensors or entirely new ways of communicating information.
“Many of the most transformative applications still lie ahead of us. What is driving progress right now is our ability to control small quantum systems in ways that would have been impossible just a few decades ago,” he says.
Lund University invests in quantum science and technology
Major investments are currently being made in quantum science and technology around the world, and Sweden is no exception. Lund University is involved in several national initiatives and research environments within the field.
“Here in Lund, we are part of several major Swedish initiatives in quantum technology, including the Wallenberg Centre for Quantum Technology, which is coordinated by Chalmers University of Technology. We are now also seeing a new wave of investments, with the Swedish Government aiming to take a more active role and increase its commitment to the field,” says Peter Samuelsson.
Lund University has also been proposed to receive funding within the new strategic research area for quantum technologies as part of the Swedish Research Council’s national initiative for new Strategic Research Areas.
Lund already hosts strong research environments in several fields that are central to the future development of quantum technology.
“We have a long tradition of excellence in areas such as laser technology, nanoscience, materials science and semiconductor research. These are all fields that are crucial for the development of quantum technologies,” says Martin Leijnse.
A broader and more coordinated approach
One particular strength is the University’s work on quantum sensors – a technology capable of measuring and detecting phenomena with extraordinary precision.
“Quantum sensors can be used to detect magnetic fields, gravitational fields and positioning in entirely new ways. There are ideas for navigation without GPS, as well as for detecting objects beneath the ground or under the sea with remarkable sensitivity,” says Peter Samuelsson.
Medical applications are also highlighted as an area with significant potential.
“Advanced medical imaging is one example. We could see improved MRI scanners and new ways of diagnosing diseases such as cancer or studying the nervous system,” says Martin Leijnse.
Developments in Lund are also about bringing together expertise from a wide range of disciplines.
“We are working to create a more coherent approach to quantum technology in Lund and to strengthen collaboration across the University. Physicists, chemists, biophysicists, mathematicians and nanoscience researchers all have important contributions to make to the development of future quantum technologies,” says Peter Samuelsson.
Martin Leijnse also highlights the development of the new NanoLab as an important part of the University’s future ambitions.
“It is a key investment for the continued development of quantum research in Lund. New research environments and advanced infrastructure will strengthen our ability to attract researchers and further expand activities in the field,” he says.
Quantum in Almedalen
During Almedalen Week, Lund University hopes both to contribute to public understanding of quantum science and to strengthen the University’s visibility in the field.
“Many people have heard the word ‘quantum’, but may not really know what it means. We want to make the field more accessible while also demonstrating that Lund University is a strong player in quantum technology,” says Peter Samuelsson.